Month: October 2022

The author of 《Measuring the mechanical properties of flexible crystals using bi-modal atomic force microscopy》 were Dupont, Madeleine F.; Elbourne, Aaron; Mayes, Edwin; Latham, Kay. And the article was published in Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics in 2019. Application In Synthesis of Bis(acetylacetone)copper The author mentioned the following in the article:

Flexible crystals are an emerging class of material with unique properties and a range of potential applications. Their relatively recent development means that mech. characterization protocols have not yet been widely established. There is a lack of quant. flexibility measurements, such as the elastic modulus (Young’s modulus), reported in the literature. In this work, we investigate amplitude modulated-frequency modulated at. force microscopy (AM-FM AFM) as a fast, versatile method for measuring the elastic modulus of single flexible crystals. Specifically, the elastic modulus of single crystals of copper(II) acetylacetonate (Cu(acac)2) was measured. The elastic modulus for Cu(acac)2 was found to be 4.79 ± 0.16 GPa. Importantly, this technique was able to map the variation in mech. properties over the surface of the material with nanoscale resolution, showing some degree of correlation between surface morphol. and elastic modulus. Addnl., the distribution of elastic modulus values can be measured at different locations on the crystal, giving a statistically robust distribution, which cannot be achieved using other methods. After reading the article, we found that the author used Bis(acetylacetone)copper(cas: 13395-16-9Application In Synthesis of Bis(acetylacetone)copper)

Bis(acetylacetone)copper(cas: 13395-16-9) is used as PVC stabilizer, and curing agents for epoxy resins, acrylic adhesives and silicone rubbers. It is also used as solvents, lubricant additives, paint drier, and pesticides.Application In Synthesis of Bis(acetylacetone)copper

Referemce:
Copper catalysis in organic synthesis – NCBI,
Special Issue “Fundamentals and Applications of Copper-Based Catalysts”

The author of 《Mechanomagnetics in Elastic Crystals: Insights from [Cu(acac)2]》 were Kenny, Elise P.; Jacko, Anthony C.; Powell, Ben J.. And the article was published in Angewandte Chemie, International Edition in 2019. Recommanded Product: Bis(acetylacetone)copper The author mentioned the following in the article:

We predict that the magnetic properties of [Cu(acac)2], an elastically flexible crystal, change drastically when the crystal is bent. It is found that unbent [Cu(acac)2] is an almost perfect Tomonaga-Luttinger liquid Broken-symmetry d.-functional calculations reveal that the magnetic exchange interactions along the chains are an order of magnitude larger than the interchain exchange. The geometrically frustrated interchain interactions cannot magnetically order the material at any exptl. accessible temperature The ordering temperature (TN), calculated from the chain-RPA, increases by 24 orders of magnitude when the material is bent. We demonstrate that geometric frustration both suppresses TN and enhances the sensitivity of TN to bending. In [Cu(acac)2], TN is extremely sensitive to bending but remains too low for practical applications, even when bent. Partially frustrated materials could achieve the balance of high TN and good sensitivity to bending required for practical applications of mechanomagnetic elastic crystals. The results came from multiple reactions, including the reaction of Bis(acetylacetone)copper(cas: 13395-16-9Recommanded Product: Bis(acetylacetone)copper)

Bis(acetylacetone)copper(cas: 13395-16-9) catalyzes coupling and carbene transfer reactions. Metal acetylacetonates are used as catalysts for polymerization of olefins and transesterification. Recommanded Product: Bis(acetylacetone)copper

Referemce:
Copper catalysis in organic synthesis – NCBI,
Special Issue “Fundamentals and Applications of Copper-Based Catalysts”

In 2019,Inorganic Chemistry Communications included an article by Beloglazkina, Elena K.; Yudina, Anna V.; Pasanaev, Egor A.; Salimova, Irina A.; Tafeenko, Viktor A.; Mironov, Andrei V.; Moiseeva, Anna A.; Pergushov, Vladimir I.; Zyk, Nikolai V.; Majouga, Alexander G.. Electric Literature of C10H16CuO4. The article was titled 《Binuclear copper complexes with CuICuI and Cu+1.5Cu+1.5 core structures formed in the reactions of 3-(2-methylbutyl)-5-pyridylmethylene-2-thiohydantoin with copper(II) acetylacetonate and copper(II) chloride》. The information in the text is summarized as follows:

A treatment of the ligands, 3-(2-methylbutyl)-5-pyridylmethylene-substituted 2-thio-3,5-dihydro-4H-imidazole-4-one (L) with CuCl2·2H2O in MeOH/CH2Cl2 or Cu(acac)2 in MeOH/CH2Cl2 affords to binuclear complexes with the [L-H]2Cu+1.5Cu+1.5Cl or [L-H]2CuICuI composition, resp. X-ray crystallog. demonstrated close Cu-Cu interaction for the first complex and the absence of Cu-Cu bonding for the second one. In the experimental materials used by the author, we found Bis(acetylacetone)copper(cas: 13395-16-9Electric Literature of C10H16CuO4)

Bis(acetylacetone)copper(cas: 13395-16-9) catalyzes coupling and carbene transfer reactions. Metal acetylacetonates are used as catalysts for polymerization of olefins and transesterification. Electric Literature of C10H16CuO4

Referemce:
Copper catalysis in organic synthesis – NCBI,
Special Issue “Fundamentals and Applications of Copper-Based Catalysts”

《Molecular Parameters Governing the Elastic Properties of Brush Particle Films》 was written by Lee, Jaejun; Wang, Zongyu; Zhang, Jianan; Yan, Jiajun; Deng, Tingwei; Zhao, Yuqi; Matyjaszewski, Krzysztof; Bockstaller, Michael R.. Product Details of 7789-45-9 And the article was included in Macromolecules (Washington, DC, United States) in 2020. The article conveys some information:

Elucidation of the mutual influence of composition and architecture of polymer canopies on the assembly and mech. properties of brush particle-based materials holds the promise of advancing the understanding of the governing parameters controlling interactions in hybrid materials and the development of novel functional materials. In this work, the elastic properties of three series of brush particle systems were investigated, differentiated by grafting d. as dense, intermediate, and sparse brush systems. Dense and intermediate systems displayed uniform microstructures; the degree of order (measured using Voronoi cell area anal.) increased with grafting d. For dense and intermediate brush particle systems, instrumented indentation anal. revealed an increase of the elastic modulus with the d.p. of tethered chains, in contrast to effective medium predictions. Furthermore, the contribution of ligands to particle interactions increased with decreasing grafting d. The results indicated that the response behavior of particle brush films in tensile-type deformations depends on dispersion interactions between ligands of adjacent brush particles. The more pronounced brush interdigitation in the case of intermediate graft densities enhanced the dispersion interactions between brush particles and hence the modulus of films. A reversed trend in modulus was observed in films of sparse brush particles that also featured the formation of string-like superstructures. Here, the elastic modulus was substantially increased for low-mol. ligands and continuously decreased with increasing d.p. of tethered chains along with a transition from string-like to uniform morphologies. Independent of grafting d., the elastic modulus of the pristine polymer was recovered in the limit of a high d.p. of polymer ligands.Cupric bromide(cas: 7789-45-9Product Details of 7789-45-9) was used in this study.

Cupric bromide(cas: 7789-45-9) can be used as reducing agent, when complexed by three molecules of pyridine initiators for the controlled polymerization of styrene, methyl acrylate and methyl methacrylate.Product Details of 7789-45-9

Referemce:
Copper catalysis in organic synthesis – NCBI,
Special Issue “Fundamentals and Applications of Copper-Based Catalysts”

《Kinetic study on ultraviolet light-induced solution atom transfer radical polymerization of methyl acrylate using TiO2》 was written by Liu, Yuan-Xing; Bian, Chao; Zhou, Yin-Ning; Li, Jin-Jin; Luo, Zheng-Hong. Synthetic Route of Br2Cu And the article was included in Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research in 2020. The article conveys some information:

The kinetics of the UV light-induced solution atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) of Me acrylate using titanium oxide (TiO2) was investigated through experiments and modeling by the method of moments. The apparent rate coefficient for activator (re)generation accounting for the variation of the amount of TiO2 was fitted to match the exptl. data. The amplification experiments were then conducted to interpret and better understand the size effect on the photo ATRP behaviors, of which the exptl. data indicated that the polymerization rate and Mw/Mn are pos. correlated with the size of the reaction volume The simulations revealed that the termination rate coefficient (kt) and the deactivation rate (kda) diminish with the increasing size. In addition, the amplification effect was analyzed theor. When the size is scaled up, the heat transfer area per unit volume decreases, leading to the reduction in heat removal capacity so as to result in local overheating. The polymerization rate therefore increases with the viscosity increasing at a higher speed, causing the decrease of kt and kda. As a result, the higher free radical concentration drives the polymerization toward acceleration and loss of control, consistent with the data of the amplification experiments After reading the article, we found that the author used Cupric bromide(cas: 7789-45-9Synthetic Route of Br2Cu)

Some reported applications of Cupric bromide(cas: 7789-45-9) are: catalyst in cross coupling reactions; co-catalyst in Sonogashira coupling; lewis acid in enantioselective addition of alkynes.Synthetic Route of Br2Cu

Referemce:
Copper catalysis in organic synthesis – NCBI,
Special Issue “Fundamentals and Applications of Copper-Based Catalysts”

The author of 《Rapid SARA ATRP of Methyl Acrylate in Polyethylene Glycol Mediated by a Mixed Sulfite/CuBr2 Catalytic System》 were Xian Rong Shen; Xiang, Yi Xin; Gao, Jian Gang. And the article was published in Polymer Science, Series B: Polymer Chemistry in 2019. Quality Control of Cupric bromide The author mentioned the following in the article:

Supplemental activator and reducing agent atom transfer radical polymerization (SARA ATRP) of Me acrylate was successfully performed in inexpensive, eco-friendly polyethylene glycol solvents and catalyzed by a mixed sulfite/CuBr2 system at room temperature The presence of polyethylene glycol in the reaction mixtures allowed fast and controlled polymerizations throughout the whole reaction time. Remarkably, a fast polymerization can be achieved with a monomer conversion reaching 90% in only 50 min using PEG 200 as the reaction solvent. The controlled character of the ATRP of Me acrylate was confirmed by the linear increase in mol. weight with monomer conversion, the narrow mol. weight distributions (Mw/Mn = 1.15) and the results of chain extension experiments 1H NMR anal. also confirmed the mol. structure and chain-end functionality of the obtained polymers, and the effects of PEG mol. weight and inorganic sulfites on the polymerization behavior were investigated. The results came from multiple reactions, including the reaction of Cupric bromide(cas: 7789-45-9Quality Control of Cupric bromide)

Cupric bromide(cas: 7789-45-9) can be used as reducing agent, when complexed by three molecules of pyridine initiators for the controlled polymerization of styrene, methyl acrylate and methyl methacrylate.Quality Control of Cupric bromide

Referemce:
Copper catalysis in organic synthesis – NCBI,
Special Issue “Fundamentals and Applications of Copper-Based Catalysts”

Jing, Benxin; Wang, Xiaofeng; Shi, Yi; Zhu, Yingxi; Gao, Haifeng; Fullerton-Shirey, Susan K. published an article in 2021. The article was titled 《Combining hyperbranched and linear structures in solid polymer electrolytes to enhance mechanical properties and room-temperature ion transport》, and you may find the article in Frontiers in Chemistry (Lausanne, Switzerland).Electric Literature of Br2Cu The information in the text is summarized as follows:

Polyethylene oxide (PEO)-based polymers are commonly studied for use as a solid polymer electrolyte for rechargeable Li-ion batteries; however, simultaneously achieving sufficient mech. integrity and ionic conductivity has been a challenge. To address this problem, a customized polymer architecture is demonstrated wherein PEO bottle-brush arms are hyperbranched into a star architecture and then functionalized with end-grafted, linear PEO chains. The hierarchical architecture is designed to minimize crystallinity and therefore enhance ion transport via hyperbranching, while simultaneously addressing the need for mech. integrity via the grafting of long, PEO chains (Mn = 10,000). The polymers are doped with lithium bis(trifluoromethane) sulfonimide (LiTFSI), creating hierarchically hyperbranched (HB) solid polymer electrolytes. Compared to electrolytes prepared with linear PEO of equivalent mol. weight, the HB PEO electrolytes increase the room temperature ionic conductivity from ∼ 2.5 x 10-6 to 2.5 x 10-5 S/cm. The conductivity increases by an addnl. 50% by increasing the block length of the linear PEO in the bottle brush arms from Mn = 1,000 to 2,000. The mech. properties are improved by end-grafting linear PEO (Mn = 10,000) onto the terminal groups of the HB PEO bottle-brush. Specifically, the Young’s modulus increases by two orders of magnitude to a level comparable to com. PEO films, while only reducing the conductivity by 50% below the HB electrolyte without grafted PEO. This study addresses the trade-off between ion conductivity and mech. properties, and shows that while significant improvements can be made to the mech. properties with hierarchical grafting of long, linear chains, only modest gains are made in the room temperature conductivity The experimental process involved the reaction of Cupric bromide(cas: 7789-45-9Electric Literature of Br2Cu)

Cupric bromide(cas: 7789-45-9) can be used as reducing agent, when complexed by three molecules of pyridine initiators for the controlled polymerization of styrene, methyl acrylate and methyl methacrylate.Electric Literature of Br2Cu

Referemce:
Copper catalysis in organic synthesis – NCBI,
Special Issue “Fundamentals and Applications of Copper-Based Catalysts”

Related Products of 7789-45-9In 2020 ,《Controlled Synthesis of Concentrated Polymer Brushes with Ultralarge Thickness by Surface-Initiated Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization under High Pressure》 appeared in Macromolecules (Washington, DC, United States). The author of the article were Hsu, Shu-Yao; Kayama, Yuzo; Ohno, Kohji; Sakakibara, Keita; Fukuda, Takeshi; Tsujii, Yoshinobu. The article conveys some information:

The synthesis of ultrathick concentrated poly(Me methacrylate) (PMMA) brushes by atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) was investigated. The reactions were performed with a catalyst system of Cu(I)Br/dinonyl-2,2′-bipyridine (dN-bipy) and Cu(II)Br2/dN-bipy at 60°C under a high pressure of 500 MPa. The equilibrium constant for this catalyst system was determined to be 1.5 × 10-6, which followed the kinetics study and indicated good polymerization rate control. Under the high pressure of 500 MPa, a micrometer scale thick PMMA brush was obtained. During chain growth under the high pressure, the concentration of the deactivator catalyst was demonstrated to significantly affect the graft d. of PMMA brushes, which was correlated to the number of monomers added in activation-deactivation cycles. A novel “”cutoff”” experiment and gel permeation chromatog. demonstrated similar propagation for free polymers and graft polymers even under high pressure. The experimental part of the paper was very detailed, including the reaction process of Cupric bromide(cas: 7789-45-9Related Products of 7789-45-9)

Some reported applications of Cupric bromide(cas: 7789-45-9) are: catalyst in cross coupling reactions; co-catalyst in Sonogashira coupling; lewis acid in enantioselective addition of alkynes.Related Products of 7789-45-9

Referemce:
Copper catalysis in organic synthesis – NCBI,
Special Issue “Fundamentals and Applications of Copper-Based Catalysts”

Synthetic Route of Br2CuIn 2021 ,《Precise Control of Both Dispersity and Molecular Weight Distribution Shape by Polymer Blending》 was published in Angewandte Chemie, International Edition. The article was written by Whitfield, Richard; Truong, Nghia P.; Anastasaki, Athina. The article contains the following contents:

The breadth and the shape of mol. weight distributions can significantly influence fundamental polymer properties that are critical for various applications. However, current approaches require the extensive synthesis of multiple polymers, are limited in dispersity precision and are typically incapable of simultaneously controlling both the dispersity and the shape of mol. weight distributions. Here we report a simplified approach, whereby on mixing two polymers (one of high D and one of low D), any intermediate dispersity value can be obtained (e.g. from 1.08 to 1.84). Unrivalled precision is achieved, with dispersity values obtained to even the nearest 0.01 (e.g. 1.37→1.38→1.39→1.40→1.41→1.42→1.43→1.44→1.45), while maintaining fairly monomodal mol. weight distributions. This approach was also employed to control the shape of mol. weight distributions and to obtain diblock copolymers with high dispersity accuracy. The straightforward nature of our methodol. alongside its compatibility with a wide range of polymerization protocols (e.g. ATRP, RAFT), significantly expands the toolbox of tailored polymeric materials and makes them accessible to all researchers. The experimental part of the paper was very detailed, including the reaction process of Cupric bromide(cas: 7789-45-9Synthetic Route of Br2Cu)

Cupric bromide(cas: 7789-45-9) can be used as reducing agent, when complexed by three molecules of pyridine initiators for the controlled polymerization of styrene, methyl acrylate and methyl methacrylate.Synthetic Route of Br2Cu

Referemce:
Copper catalysis in organic synthesis – NCBI,
Special Issue “Fundamentals and Applications of Copper-Based Catalysts”

Quality Control of Cupric bromideIn 2019 ,《Pushing the Limit: Synthesis of SiO2-g-PMMA/PS Particle Brushes via ATRP with Very Low Concentration of Functionalized SiO2-Br Nanoparticles》 was published in Macromolecules (Washington, DC, United States). The article was written by Wang, Zongyu; Fantin, Marco; Sobieski, Julian; Wang, Zhenhua; Yan, Jiajun; Lee, Jaejun; Liu, Tong; Li, Sipei; Olszewski, Mateusz; Bockstaller, Michael R.; Matyjaszewski, Krzysztof. The article contains the following contents:

The kinetics and mechanism of the synthesis of SiO2-g-poly(Me methacrylate) (SiO2-g-PMMA) and SiO2-g-polystyrene (SiO2-g-PS) nanoparticles were investigated through studies conducted at very low concentrations of the ATRP initiator functionalized silica particles (SiO2-Br) in the presence of reducing agent (tin(II) 2-ethylhexanoate) and low ppm loadings of the CuII catalyst (25 ppm) complex. In the SiO2-g-PMMA system, the grafting d. decreased under very low concentrations (<100 ppm) of SiO2-Br. However, in the SiO2-g-PS system, the initiation efficiency, defined through the grafting d. of polymer chains on the particle surface, decreased significantly for lower concentrations of the initiator SiO2-Br. In addition, model systems with linear polymer chains (untethered) were studied to investigate the difference in initiation efficiency between polymers attached to nanoparticle surfaces and untethered chains. Because of the localization of initiating sites on the surface of nanoparticles and lower probabilities of collisions between nanoparticles, as compared to small initiator mols., particle brush systems exhibited less interparticle termination. This observation was employed to synthesize very high mol. weight (Mn> 500K) particle brushes with relatively narrow mol. weight distribution (Mw/Mn < 1.3).Cupric bromide(cas: 7789-45-9Quality Control of Cupric bromide) was used in this study.

Cupric bromide(cas: 7789-45-9) can be used as reducing agent, when complexed by three molecules of pyridine initiators for the controlled polymerization of styrene, methyl acrylate and methyl methacrylate.Quality Control of Cupric bromide

Referemce:
Copper catalysis in organic synthesis – NCBI,
Special Issue “Fundamentals and Applications of Copper-Based Catalysts”