Heterocyclic compounds can be divided into two categories: alicyclic heterocycles and aromatic heterocycles. Compounds whose heterocycles in the molecular skeleton cannot reflect aromaticity are called alicyclic heterocyclic compounds. Compound: 492-27-3, is researched, Molecular C10H7NO3, about Kynurenine emerges from the shadows – Current knowledge on its fate and function, the main research direction is review kynurenine fate function; Aryl hydrocarbon receptor; Enzymes; Genes; Kynurenine; Kynurenine pathway; Tryptophan.Recommanded Product: 492-27-3.
A review. Kynurenine (KYN), a main metabolite of tryptophan in mammals, is a direct precursor of kynurenic acid, anthranilic acid and 3-hydroxykynurenine (3-HK). Under physiol. conditions, KYN is produced endogenously mainly in the liver by tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase (TDO). Tumorigenesis and inflammatory conditions increase the activity of another KYN synthesizing enzyme, indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO). However, knowledge about the exogenous sources and the fate of KYN in mammals is still limited. While most papers deal with the contribution of KYN to pathologies of the central nervous system, its role in the periphery has almost been ignored. KYN is a ligand for the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR). As a receptor for KYN and its downstream metabolites, AhR is involved in several physiol. and pathol. conditions, including inflammation and carcinogenesis. Recent studies have shown that KYN suppresses immune response and is strongly involved in the process of carcinogenesis and tumor metastasis. Thus, inhibition of activity of the enzymes responsible for KYN synthesis, TDO, IDO or genetic manipulation leading to reduction of KYN synthesis, could be considered as innovative strategies for improving the efficacy of immunotherapy. Surprisingly, however, genetic or pharmacol. approaches for reducing tryptophan catabolism to KYN do not necessarily result in decrease of KYN level in the main circulation. This review aims to summarize the current knowledge of KYN fate and function and to emphasize its importance for vital physiol. and pathol. processes.
I hope my short article helps more people learn about this compound(4-Hydroxyquinoline-2-carboxylic Acid)Recommanded Product: 492-27-3. Apart from the compound(492-27-3), you can read my other articles to know other related compounds.
Reference:
Copper catalysis in organic synthesis – NCBI,
Special Issue “Fundamentals and Applications of Copper-Based Catalysts”