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As a hole transporting material (HTM), N2,N2,N2?,N2?,N7,N7,N7?,N7?-octakis (4-methoxyphenyl) spiro [fluorene-9,9?-xanthene]-2,2?,7,7?-tetraamine (X60) in mesoscopic perovskite solar cells (PSCs) has been widely utilized for substitution of the 2,2?,7,7?-tetrakis (N,N-di-p-methoxyphenylamine)-9,9?-spiro-bi-fluorene (spiro-OMeTAD). In this study, we have introduced an ionic liquid N-butyl-N’-(4-pyridylheptyl) imidazolium bis (trifluoromethane) sulfonamide (BuPyIm-TFSI) as a p-dopant to increase the hole conductivity and stability of the X60 based perovskite solar cells. As a result, based on the different concentrations of BuPyIm-TFSI in mesoscopic PSCs, the optimal condition (4.85 mM) showed the best power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 14.65%, which is extremely higher than the device without BuPyIm-TFSI. Moreover, the device based on X60: BuPyIm-TFSI composite HTM at ambient conditions with humidity of ~40% exhibited good PSCs performance with the long-term stability of 840 h. Hence, the use of BuPyIm-TFSI as a p-dopant for X60 played a significant role in enhancing the electrical properties, stability and efficiency of PSCs.
Enzymes are biological catalysts that produce large increases in reaction rates and tend to be specific for certain reactants and products. I hope my blog about 1111-67-7 is helpful to your research.
Reference：
Copper catalysis in organic synthesis – NCBI,
Special Issue “Fundamentals and Applications of Copper-Based Catalysts”