Catalysts are substances that increase the reaction rate of a chemical reaction without being consumed in the process. 16606-55-6, Name is (R)-4-Methyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-one, SMILES is O=C1OC[C@@H](C)O1, belongs to copper-catalyst compound. In a document, author is Zorba, Leandros P., introduce the new discover, COA of Formula: C4H6O3.
The Ketone-Amine-Alkyne (KA(2)) coupling reaction: Transition metal-catalyzed synthesis of quaternary propargylamines
Green chemistry and sustainable catalysis are increasingly attracting significant attention, in both industry and academia. Multicomponent reactions aim towards greener chemical transformations, mostly due to their step economy. The A(3) coupling is a widely-studied multicomponent reaction, bringing together aldehydes, amines, and alkynes in a one pot manner, towards tertiary propargylamines, which are highly useful compounds with a variety of applications. The majority of reported synthetic protocols towards propargylamines require the preceding preparation of other starting materials, resulting in the need for increased time investment and cost, as well as encompassing a negative environmental impact. On the other hand, the A(3) reaction requires simple, widely-available starting materials and can be completed in one step, making it immensely superior to the conventional approaches. This transformation is carried out by transition metal-based catalysts, which generate the necessary metal acetylides and merge them with the in situ generated aldimines/aldimine cations. Unfortunately, though, due to stereochemical and electronic reasons, ketimines/ketimine cations are way less reactive than their aldimine/aldimine cation counterparts, against nucleophilic attack, making their use in analogous transformations more challenging. This is why only 10 years have passed since the first KA(2) reaction was reported (i.e. the one-pot coupling of a ketone with an amine and an alkyne towards quaternary propargylamines). The present review article provides a brief introduction to multicomponent reactions, the existing conventional synthetic routes towards propargylamines, and the A(3) coupling reaction. A detailed, critical discussion of all KA(2) homogeneous and heterogeneous catalytic protocols, the mechanisms proposed, as well as the difficulties encountered and the strategies employed to circumvent them follows. (C) 2020 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
The proportionality constant is the rate constant for the particular unimolecular reaction. the reaction rate is directly proportional to the concentration of the reactant. I hope my blog about 16606-55-6 is helpful to your research. COA of Formula: C4H6O3.
Reference:
Copper catalysis in organic synthesis – NCBI,
,Special Issue “Fundamentals and Applications of Copper-Based Catalysts”