Tag: 200-300

The author of 《Rapid SARA ATRP of Methyl Acrylate in Polyethylene Glycol Mediated by a Mixed Sulfite/CuBr2 Catalytic System》 were Xian Rong Shen; Xiang, Yi Xin; Gao, Jian Gang. And the article was published in Polymer Science, Series B: Polymer Chemistry in 2019. Quality Control of Cupric bromide The author mentioned the following in the article:

Supplemental activator and reducing agent atom transfer radical polymerization (SARA ATRP) of Me acrylate was successfully performed in inexpensive, eco-friendly polyethylene glycol solvents and catalyzed by a mixed sulfite/CuBr2 system at room temperature The presence of polyethylene glycol in the reaction mixtures allowed fast and controlled polymerizations throughout the whole reaction time. Remarkably, a fast polymerization can be achieved with a monomer conversion reaching 90% in only 50 min using PEG 200 as the reaction solvent. The controlled character of the ATRP of Me acrylate was confirmed by the linear increase in mol. weight with monomer conversion, the narrow mol. weight distributions (Mw/Mn = 1.15) and the results of chain extension experiments 1H NMR anal. also confirmed the mol. structure and chain-end functionality of the obtained polymers, and the effects of PEG mol. weight and inorganic sulfites on the polymerization behavior were investigated. The results came from multiple reactions, including the reaction of Cupric bromide(cas: 7789-45-9Quality Control of Cupric bromide)

Cupric bromide(cas: 7789-45-9) can be used as reducing agent, when complexed by three molecules of pyridine initiators for the controlled polymerization of styrene, methyl acrylate and methyl methacrylate.Quality Control of Cupric bromide

Referemce:
Copper catalysis in organic synthesis – NCBI,
Special Issue “Fundamentals and Applications of Copper-Based Catalysts”

《Kinetic study on ultraviolet light-induced solution atom transfer radical polymerization of methyl acrylate using TiO2》 was written by Liu, Yuan-Xing; Bian, Chao; Zhou, Yin-Ning; Li, Jin-Jin; Luo, Zheng-Hong. Synthetic Route of Br2Cu And the article was included in Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research in 2020. The article conveys some information:

The kinetics of the UV light-induced solution atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) of Me acrylate using titanium oxide (TiO2) was investigated through experiments and modeling by the method of moments. The apparent rate coefficient for activator (re)generation accounting for the variation of the amount of TiO2 was fitted to match the exptl. data. The amplification experiments were then conducted to interpret and better understand the size effect on the photo ATRP behaviors, of which the exptl. data indicated that the polymerization rate and Mw/Mn are pos. correlated with the size of the reaction volume The simulations revealed that the termination rate coefficient (kt) and the deactivation rate (kda) diminish with the increasing size. In addition, the amplification effect was analyzed theor. When the size is scaled up, the heat transfer area per unit volume decreases, leading to the reduction in heat removal capacity so as to result in local overheating. The polymerization rate therefore increases with the viscosity increasing at a higher speed, causing the decrease of kt and kda. As a result, the higher free radical concentration drives the polymerization toward acceleration and loss of control, consistent with the data of the amplification experiments After reading the article, we found that the author used Cupric bromide(cas: 7789-45-9Synthetic Route of Br2Cu)

Some reported applications of Cupric bromide(cas: 7789-45-9) are: catalyst in cross coupling reactions; co-catalyst in Sonogashira coupling; lewis acid in enantioselective addition of alkynes.Synthetic Route of Br2Cu

Referemce:
Copper catalysis in organic synthesis – NCBI,
Special Issue “Fundamentals and Applications of Copper-Based Catalysts”

《Molecular Parameters Governing the Elastic Properties of Brush Particle Films》 was written by Lee, Jaejun; Wang, Zongyu; Zhang, Jianan; Yan, Jiajun; Deng, Tingwei; Zhao, Yuqi; Matyjaszewski, Krzysztof; Bockstaller, Michael R.. Product Details of 7789-45-9 And the article was included in Macromolecules (Washington, DC, United States) in 2020. The article conveys some information:

Elucidation of the mutual influence of composition and architecture of polymer canopies on the assembly and mech. properties of brush particle-based materials holds the promise of advancing the understanding of the governing parameters controlling interactions in hybrid materials and the development of novel functional materials. In this work, the elastic properties of three series of brush particle systems were investigated, differentiated by grafting d. as dense, intermediate, and sparse brush systems. Dense and intermediate systems displayed uniform microstructures; the degree of order (measured using Voronoi cell area anal.) increased with grafting d. For dense and intermediate brush particle systems, instrumented indentation anal. revealed an increase of the elastic modulus with the d.p. of tethered chains, in contrast to effective medium predictions. Furthermore, the contribution of ligands to particle interactions increased with decreasing grafting d. The results indicated that the response behavior of particle brush films in tensile-type deformations depends on dispersion interactions between ligands of adjacent brush particles. The more pronounced brush interdigitation in the case of intermediate graft densities enhanced the dispersion interactions between brush particles and hence the modulus of films. A reversed trend in modulus was observed in films of sparse brush particles that also featured the formation of string-like superstructures. Here, the elastic modulus was substantially increased for low-mol. ligands and continuously decreased with increasing d.p. of tethered chains along with a transition from string-like to uniform morphologies. Independent of grafting d., the elastic modulus of the pristine polymer was recovered in the limit of a high d.p. of polymer ligands.Cupric bromide(cas: 7789-45-9Product Details of 7789-45-9) was used in this study.

Cupric bromide(cas: 7789-45-9) can be used as reducing agent, when complexed by three molecules of pyridine initiators for the controlled polymerization of styrene, methyl acrylate and methyl methacrylate.Product Details of 7789-45-9

Referemce:
Copper catalysis in organic synthesis – NCBI,
Special Issue “Fundamentals and Applications of Copper-Based Catalysts”

In 2019,Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America included an article by Bates, Morgan W.; Lequieu, Joshua; Barbon, Stephanie M.; Lewis, Ronald M. III; Delaney, Kris T.; Anastasaki, Athina; Hawker, Craig J.; Fredrickson, Glenn H.; Bates, Christopher M.. Application In Synthesis of Cupric bromide. The article was titled 《Stability of the A15 phase in diblock copolymer melts》. The information in the text is summarized as follows:

The self-assembly of block polymers into well-ordered nanostructures underpins their utility across fundamental and applied polymer science, yet only a handful of equilibrium morphologies are known with the simplest AB-type materials. Here, we report the discovery of the A15 sphere phase in single-component diblock copolymer melts comprising poly(dodecyl acrylate)-block-poly(lactide). A systematic exploration of phase space revealed that A15 forms across a substantial range of minority lactide block volume fractions (fL = 0.25 – 0.33) situated between the σ-sphere phase and hexagonally close-packed cylinders. SCF theory rationalizes the thermodn. stability of A15 as a consequence of extreme conformational asymmetry. The exptl. observed A15-disorder phase transition is not captured using mean-field approximations but instead arises due to composition fluctuations as evidenced by fully fluctuating field-theoretic simulations. This combination of experiments and field-theoretic simulations provides rational design rules that can be used to generate unique, polymer-based mesophases through self-assembly. After reading the article, we found that the author used Cupric bromide(cas: 7789-45-9Application In Synthesis of Cupric bromide)

Cupric bromide(cas: 7789-45-9) can be used as reducing agent, when complexed by three molecules of pyridine initiators for the controlled polymerization of styrene, methyl acrylate and methyl methacrylate.Application In Synthesis of Cupric bromide

Referemce:
Copper catalysis in organic synthesis – NCBI,
Special Issue “Fundamentals and Applications of Copper-Based Catalysts”

Formula: Br2CuIn 2019 ,《A semiconducting organic-inorganic hybrid ([BrCH2CH2N(CH3)3]2+[CuBr4]2-) with switchable dielectric properties derived from an unusual piston-like displacive movement》 was published in Journal of Materials Chemistry C: Materials for Optical and Electronic Devices. The article was written by Sui, Yan; Zhong, Ye-Shun; Wang, Jing-Jing; Xia, Qin; Wang, Liang-Jun; Liu, Dong-Sheng. The article contains the following contents:

According to quasi-spherical theory, structural modifications of spherical organic components are useful in obtaining ferroelec. or switchable dielec. organic-inorganic hybrid compounds, but how to tailor the spherical organic components is still unclear. In the current work, a prototype spherical Me4N+ cation was modified by replacing one of its H atoms with a CH2Br group, rather than with the widely studied Br atom, to obtain a new organic-inorganic hybrid compound, [BrCH2CH2NMe3]2+[CuBr4]2- (BETABCuBr). The structure, phase transition, and dielec. and optical properties of BETABCuBr were carefully characterized. Based on these results, BETABCuBr was indicated to undergo a reversible phase transition at ∼356 K, mainly due to a piston-like displacive movement of its Cu atom. The extension of the C chain was concluded to lead to a change of the phase transition mechanism from the typical order-disorder movement to an unusual displacive movement. The authors expect the results of this work to contribute to the exploration of new types of phase transition materials. After reading the article, we found that the author used Cupric bromide(cas: 7789-45-9Formula: Br2Cu)

Some reported applications of Cupric bromide(cas: 7789-45-9) are: catalyst in cross coupling reactions; co-catalyst in Sonogashira coupling; lewis acid in enantioselective addition of alkynes.Formula: Br2Cu

Referemce:
Copper catalysis in organic synthesis – NCBI,
Special Issue “Fundamentals and Applications of Copper-Based Catalysts”

《Crystal structures of [(μ2-L1)dibromidodicopper(II)] dibromide and poly[[(μ2-L1)diiodidodicopper(I)]-di-μ-iodido-dicopper(I)], where L1 is 2,5,8,11,14,17-hexathia-[9.9](2,6,3,5)-pyrazinophane》 was published in Acta Crystallographica, Section E: Crystallographic Communications in 2020. These research results belong to Assoumatine, Tokoure; Stoeckli-Evans, Helen. SDS of cas: 7789-45-9 The article mentions the following:

The reaction of the hexathiapyrazinophane ligand, 2,5,8,11,14,17-hexathia-[9.9](2,6,3,5)-pyrazinophane (L1), with copper(II) dibromide led to the formation of a binuclear complex, [μ2-2,5,8,11,14,17-hexathia-[9.9](2,6,3,5)-pyrazinophane]bis[bromidocopper(II)] dibromide, [Cu2Br2(C16H24N2S6)]Br2, (I). The complex possesses inversion symmetry with the pyrazine ring being situated about a center of symmetry. The ligand coordinates to the copper(II) atom in a bis-tetradentate manner and the copper atom has a fivefold NS3Br coordination environment with a distorted shape. The reaction of ligand L1 with copper(I) iodide also gave a binuclear complex, which is bridged by a Cu2I2 unit to form a two-dimensional coordination polymer, poly[[μ2-2,5,8,11,14,17-hexathia-[9.9](2,6,3,5)-pyrazinophane]tetra-μ-iodido-tetracopper(I)], [Cu4I4(C16H24N2S6)]n, (II). The binuclear unit possesses inversion symmetry with the pyrazine ring being located about a center of symmetry. The Cu2I2 unit is also located about an inversion center. The two independent copper(I) atoms are both fourfold coordinate. That coordinating to the ligand L1 in a bis-tridentate manner has an NS2I coordination environment and an irregular shape, while the second copper(I) atom, where L1 coordinates in a bis-monodentate manner, has an SI3 coordination environment with an almost perfect tetrahedral geometry. In the crystal of I, the cations and Br- anions are linked by a number of C-H···S and C-H···Br hydrogen bonds, forming a supramol. network. In the crystal of II, the two-dimensional coordination polymers lie parallel to the ab plane and there are no significant inter-layer contacts present. After reading the article, we found that the author used Cupric bromide(cas: 7789-45-9SDS of cas: 7789-45-9)

Some reported applications of Cupric bromide(cas: 7789-45-9) are: catalyst in cross coupling reactions; co-catalyst in Sonogashira coupling; lewis acid in enantioselective addition of alkynes.SDS of cas: 7789-45-9

Referemce:
Copper catalysis in organic synthesis – NCBI,
Special Issue “Fundamentals and Applications of Copper-Based Catalysts”

The author of 《Modulating the surface segregation of PdCuRu nanocrystals for enhanced all-pH hydrogen evolution electrocatalysis》 were Li, Menggang; Luo, Mingchuan; Xia, Zhonghong; Yang, Yong; Huang, Yarong; Wu, Dong; Sun, Yingjun; Li, Chunji; Chao, Yuguang; Yang, Wenxiu; Yang, Weiwei; Yu, Yongsheng; Guo, Shaojun. And the article was published in Journal of Materials Chemistry A: Materials for Energy and Sustainability in 2019. Quality Control of Bis(acetylacetone)copper The author mentioned the following in the article:

Core-shell architecture coupled with rational surface engineering constitutes an efficient strategy for promoting electrocatalysis on multimetallic nanocrystals via the optimization of composition, facets and coordination environment. Here, by leveraging controlled surface segregation, we realize core-shell formation with systematic tuning of surface composition on well-defined PdCuRu nanocrystals. When applied for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), we established a direct correlation between surface composition and activity. In particular, PdCuRu catalysts with a Pd-rich surface achieved an overpotential of 31 mV at a c.d. of 10 mA cm-2 and a low Tafel slope of 52 mV dec-1 in an alk. electrolyte, considerably enhanced relative to control PdCuRu/C catalysts with other surface compositions and even exceeding those of state-of-the-art Pt/C. Similar trends were also observed in both neutral and acid electrolytes. We deduce that, in this catalytic system, the enhanced electrocatalysis originates from the strain effect rather than the bifunctional mechanism. The present study builds a bridge between surface engineering and HER performance, and opens up new material designs for surface Pd-rich core-shell nanostructures for the purpose of improving HER catalytic activity and stability at all pH values. In addition to this study using Bis(acetylacetone)copper, there are many other studies that have used Bis(acetylacetone)copper(cas: 13395-16-9Quality Control of Bis(acetylacetone)copper) was used in this study.

Bis(acetylacetone)copper(cas: 13395-16-9) is used as PVC stabilizer, and curing agents for epoxy resins, acrylic adhesives and silicone rubbers. It is also used as solvents, lubricant additives, paint drier, and pesticides.Quality Control of Bis(acetylacetone)copper

Referemce:
Copper catalysis in organic synthesis – NCBI,
Special Issue “Fundamentals and Applications of Copper-Based Catalysts”

The author of 《The controllable growth of PtCuRh rhombic dodecahedral nanoframes as efficient catalysts for alcohol electrochemical oxidation》 were Wang, Zhen; Huang, Lei; Tian, Zhi Qun; Shen, Pei Kang. And the article was published in Journal of Materials Chemistry A: Materials for Energy and Sustainability in 2019. Application of 13395-16-9 The author mentioned the following in the article:

Platinum-based catalysts with heterogeneous structures, such as three-dimensional (3D) nanoframes and highly branched architectures, have broad application prospects due to their fully accessible surfaces and high atom utilization. However, the fragile frames and dendrites with high energy easily suffer from structural collapse during catalytic processes. Hence, we synthesized Rh-strengthened PtCuRh rhombohedral dodecahedrons with nanodendrites (RDD) through a one-pot solvothermal method, which could be etched to obtain totally open nanoframe PtCuRh rhombohedral dodecahedrons with nanodendrites (RDND). More interestingly, the growth of the nanodendrites can be easily controlled through changing the reaction temperature Meanwhile, the length of the nanodendrites can be controlled through adjusting the amount of CTAB and the reaction time. In addition, synergistic effects between Pt, Cu and Rh modified the electronic structure; in particular Rh metal oxide on the surface contributes heavily towards improving the electrocatalytic efficiency. Therefore the as-prepared catalyst PtCuRh RDND shows superior catalytic performance towards the methanol oxidation reaction (MOR) as well as the ethanol oxidation reaction (EOR) compared to TKK-com. Pt/C. Remarkably, after 1000 electrochem. cycles of the MOR, the superior mass activity of PtCuRh RDND surpasses that of TKK-com. Pt/C by 2.6 times, benefiting from enhanced CO tolerance and the stable structure. This work provides a facile and feasible strategy for synthesizing stable and efficient nanoframe catalysts. In the part of experimental materials, we found many familiar compounds, such as Bis(acetylacetone)copper(cas: 13395-16-9Application of 13395-16-9)

Bis(acetylacetone)copper(cas: 13395-16-9) catalyzes coupling and carbene transfer reactions. Metal acetylacetonates are used as catalysts for polymerization of olefins and transesterification. Application of 13395-16-9

Referemce:
Copper catalysis in organic synthesis – NCBI,
Special Issue “Fundamentals and Applications of Copper-Based Catalysts”

《Hollow PtCu nanorings with high performance for the methanol oxidation reaction and their enhanced durability by using trace Ir》 was written by Shi, Yan; Fang, Yan; Zhang, Genlei; Wang, Xianshun; Cui, Peng; Wang, Qi; Wang, Yuxin. Reference of Bis(acetylacetone)copper And the article was included in Journal of Materials Chemistry A: Materials for Energy and Sustainability in 2020. The article conveys some information:

Platinum-copper (PtCu) alloy nanostructures represent an emerging class of electrocatalysts for the methanol oxidation reaction (MOR) in direct methanol fuel cells (DMFCs), but practical applications have been limited by catalytic activity and durability. In this study, an efficient one-pot hydrothermal strategy is developed to prepare unique PtCu alloy nanorings (NRs) with a highly open hollow structure. The formation process of the hollow NR structure includes the initial formation of pure solid Cu nanocrystals (NCs), the subsequent galvanic replacement reaction between Cu and Pt2+, and the co-deposition of Pt and Cu atoms at the edges. The r-Pt0.75Cu/C catalyst, i.e., Pt0.75Cu NRs with an input Pt/Cu molar ratio of 0.75/1 supported on carbon black exhibited superior MOR performance, with a mass activity of 2.175 A mgPt-1 and a specific activity of 52.26 A m-2, which are 4.5- and 6.6-fold enhancements relative to those of com. PtRu/C-JM, resp. Impressively, the durability of Pt0.75Cu NRs for the MOR can be enhanced dramatically by doping with trace Ir. The mass activity loss of r-Pt0.75Ir0.05Cu/C, i.e., Ir-doped Pt0.75Cu NRs supported on carbon black, was only 7.44%, much smaller than those of r-Pt0.75Cu/C (37.76%) and PtRu/C-JM (50.27%) after 10 000 CV cycles. This work provides a strategic design of efficient PtCu catalysts for the MOR. The experimental process involved the reaction of Bis(acetylacetone)copper(cas: 13395-16-9Reference of Bis(acetylacetone)copper)

Bis(acetylacetone)copper(cas: 13395-16-9) catalyzes coupling and carbene transfer reactions. Metal acetylacetonates are used as catalysts for polymerization of olefins and transesterification. Reference of Bis(acetylacetone)copper

Referemce:
Copper catalysis in organic synthesis – NCBI,
Special Issue “Fundamentals and Applications of Copper-Based Catalysts”

Formula: Br2CuIn 2019 ,《Grafting of amphiphilic block copolymers on lignocellulosic materials via SI-AGET-ATRP》 was published in Journal of Polymer Science, Part A: Polymer Chemistry. The article was written by Vidiella del Blanco, Marta; Gomez, Vera; Fleckenstein, Peter; Keplinger, Tobias; Cabane, Etienne. The article contains the following contents:

Functionalizing biosourced materials is a major topic in the field of materials science. In particular, grafting polymerization techniques have been employed to change the surface properties of various substrates. Here, we report on the grafting of amphiphilic block copolymers in lignocellulosic materials using surface-initiated activators generated by electron transfer at. transfer radical polymerization (SI-AGET-ATRP). With this modification, it is possible to combine the interesting properties (anisotropy and high mech. stability) of lightweight lignocellulosic materials, such as wood, with the special properties of the grafted block copolymers. Hydroxyl groups on wood cell wall biopolymers were used for the chem. bonding of an alkyl bromide as the initiator for AGET-SI-ATRP of a highly hydrophilic monomer ([2-(methacryloyloxy)ethyl]trimethylammonium chloride) and a highly hydrophobic fluorinated monomer (2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5-octafluoropentyl methacrylate). The successful grafting of homopolymers and block copolymers onto the wood structure was confirmed through Fourier transform IR and Raman spectroscopy. The functionalization with the two homopolymers yielded lignocellulosic materials with opposite wettabilities, whereas by the adjustment of the ratio between the two copolymer blocks, it was possible to tune the wettability between these two extremes. The results came from multiple reactions, including the reaction of Cupric bromide(cas: 7789-45-9Formula: Br2Cu)

Cupric bromide(cas: 7789-45-9) can be used as reducing agent, when complexed by three molecules of pyridine initiators for the controlled polymerization of styrene, methyl acrylate and methyl methacrylate.Formula: Br2Cu

Referemce:
Copper catalysis in organic synthesis – NCBI,
Special Issue “Fundamentals and Applications of Copper-Based Catalysts”