In 2019,ACS Macro Letters included an article by Wang, Zongyu; Yan, Jiajun; Liu, Tong; Wei, Qiangbing; Li, Sipei; Olszewski, Mateusz; Wu, Jianing; Sobieski, Julian; Fantin, Marco; Bockstaller, Michael R.; Matyjaszewski, Krzysztof. Recommanded Product: Cupric bromide. The article was titled 《Control of Dispersity and Grafting Density of Particle Brushes by Variation of ATRP Catalyst Concentration》. The information in the text is summarized as follows:
Silica particles with grafted poly(Me methacrylate) brushes, SiO2-g-PMMA, were prepared via activator regeneration by electron transfer (ARGET) atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP). The grafting d. and dispersity of the polymer brushes was tuned by the initial ATRP catalyst concentration ([CuII/L]0). Sparsely grafted particle brushes, which also displayed an anisotropic string-like structure in TEM images, were obtained at very low catalyst concentrations, [CuII/L]0 < 1 ppm. The effect of the initial catalyst concentration on dispersity and initiation efficiency in the particle brush system was similar to that observed in the synthesis of linear PMMA homopolymers. The kinetic study revealed a transition from controlled radical polymerization to a less controlled process at low monomer conversion, when the [CuII/L]0 decreased below about 10 ppm. In the experimental materials used by the author, we found Cupric bromide(cas: 7789-45-9Recommanded Product: Cupric bromide)
Cupric bromide(cas: 7789-45-9) can be used as reducing agent, when complexed by three molecules of pyridine initiators for the controlled polymerization of styrene, methyl acrylate and methyl methacrylate.Recommanded Product: Cupric bromide
Referemce:
Copper catalysis in organic synthesis – NCBI,
Special Issue “Fundamentals and Applications of Copper-Based Catalysts”